德國沒有限速？德國的高速公路令汽車界羨慕不已。為什么美國沒有高速公路呢？
No Speed Limits In Germany? Why The U.S. Doesn’t Have An Autobahn
譯文簡介
德國的高速公路令汽車界羨慕不已。沒有什么能與之媲美--一個沒有最高限速的國家高速公路系統(tǒng)。如果您熱愛汽車和駕駛，那么駕駛德國的高速公路很可能是您生前想做的事情之一。它可以讓人興奮不已--最高時速遠遠超過 200 英里。那么，為什么美國沒有這樣的道路呢？為什么有人說它并不盡如人意？
正文翻譯
Germany's Autobahn is the envy of the automotive world. There is nothing quite like it - a national highway system with no top speed limit. If you love cars and driving, chances are driving Germany's Autobahn is one of the things you want to do before you die. And it can be exhilarating - top speeds have gone well above 200 miles per hour. So why doesn't the U.S. have something like that? And why do some people say it is not all it's cracked up to be?
德國的高速公路令汽車界羨慕不已。沒有什么能與之媲美--一個沒有最高限速的國家高速公路系統(tǒng)。如果您熱愛汽車和駕駛，那么駕駛德國的高速公路很可能是您生前想做的事情之一。它可以讓人興奮不已--最高時速遠遠超過 200 英里。那么，為什么美國沒有這樣的道路呢？為什么有人說它并不盡如人意？
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Germany has actual driving tests. Its not like the US where drivers licenses are handed out like candy.
德國有真正的駕駛考試。不像美國，駕照像糖果一樣發(fā)。
Driving slow in the left lane is an American pastime.
在左側(cè)車道慢速行駛是美國人的一種消遣。
It's because US drivers don't know how lanes work.
這是因為美國司機不知道車道是如何工作的。
As a Czech living in the US now, I would compare the two major factors - driver education (and Germany's is even stricter than my homeland) at age 18 (compared to 16) is a huge factor. The freedom of movement is still there, but strong emphasis on responsibility and safety is there.
Secon point is the proper lane etiquette. There's only a passing lane, the left-most. If you are not passing anyone, you move to the right-most lane, until you need to pass someone and then you move back.
There's no silly names like "passing lane" and "cruising lane." Are you passing? Move left. Are you not passing? Move as far right as you can.
作為一個現(xiàn)在生活在美國的捷克人，我會比較兩個主要因素--18 歲（相比 16 歲）的駕駛教育（德國的教育比我的祖國還要嚴格）是一個重要因素。行動自由依然存在，但對責(zé)任和安全的強調(diào)也很強烈。
第二點是正確的車道禮儀。只有一條超車道，即最左側(cè)。如果不超車，就移到最右邊的車道，直到需要超車時再移回來。
沒有 “超車道 ”和 “巡航道 ”這樣愚蠢的名稱。您要超車嗎？向左移動。不超車？盡量右移。
One major reason why unlimited speeds are possible on the German Autobahn is the strict lane discipline (Rechtsfahrgebot). Drivers are required to stay in the rightmost lane whenever possible and may only move left to overtake. In contrast, in the US, many drivers cruise in the left lane at unnecessarily slow speeds, often without regard for others.
在德國高速公路上可以無限超速的一個重要原因是嚴格的車道紀律（Rechtsfahrgebot）。駕駛員必須盡可能保持在最右側(cè)車道行駛，只有在超車時才能向左移動。相比之下，在美國，許多司機以不必要的慢速在左側(cè)車道上巡航，常常不顧他人的感受。
Beacuse in America, more than half the people believe they have the right to be driving 65mph or less in the left lane. The lack of driver education here is appalling to say the least.
因為在美國，一半以上的人認為他們有權(quán)以 65mph 或更低的速度在左側(cè)車道行駛。至少可以說，這里缺乏駕駛教育的情況令人震驚。
As a german i can tell you the following reasons:
作為德國人，我可以告訴你以下原因：
German Drivers mostly follow the rules. We need to take driving classes and driving lessons. At the end there is a Test (writing and driving) you need to pass. License now costs about 4.000$ (including everything).
One of the main rules on the Autobahn is you can only pass on the left and you always need to go in the furthest right lane you can (if you're not passing).
A vehicle that is passing you on the left has the right of way. And most drivers follow these rules.
1. 司機
德國司機大多循規(guī)蹈矩。我們需要參加駕駛培訓(xùn)和駕駛課程。最后需要通過考試（寫作和駕駛）?，F(xiàn)在駕照的費用約為 4000 美元（包括所有費用）。
高速公路上的主要規(guī)則之一是只能在左側(cè)超車，而且必須始終在最右側(cè)車道行駛（如果不超車的話）。
在左側(cè)超車的車輛擁有通行權(quán)。大多數(shù)司機都會遵守這些規(guī)則。
Autobahns are regularly checked by road workers and major defects are fixed immediately.
The road surface has quite good drainage as well.
Every Autobahn has fences on the side as well so big wildlife can't enter the road either.
2. 維護
公路工人會定期對 Autobahns 進行檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)重大缺陷會立即修復(fù)。
路面的排水系統(tǒng)也相當不錯。
每條高速公路邊上都有圍欄，因此大型野生動物也無法進入路面。
Cars are checked by the TüV regularly. They make sure that the vehicle is safe. And if you have a defect its mandatory to fix it and let it be checked again. This also includes Tires (age & wear).
All in all it's a mixture of different things, but it's mostly down to that the people actually follow the rules and aren't as selfish as in the states.
3. 汽車
汽車由 TüV 定期檢查。他們確保車輛安全。如果有缺陷，必須修復(fù)并再次接受檢查。這也包括輪胎（使用年限和磨損程度）。
總而言之，這里有各種不同的情況，但主要是因為這里的人們確實遵守規(guī)則，不像美國那么自私。
As someone who has tried the Autobahn out, I feel safer doing 100+ there than I do going 75 here.
作為一個嘗試過高速公路的人，我覺得在那里跑 100 多公里比在這里跑 75 公里更安全。
Because we hand out drivers licenses here like candy, because driving is practically required for life here. We literally treat it like it's some guaranteed right. License exams in Germany are far stricter.
因為我們在這里發(fā)駕照就像發(fā)糖果一樣，因為在這里開車幾乎是生活的必需。我們簡直把它當成了某種受保障的權(quán)利。德國的駕照考試要嚴格得多。
這并不是說我們這里不能有高速公路系統(tǒng)，而是說人們會因為最起碼的駕駛禮儀而經(jīng)常撞車。在美國的任何一條主要高速公路上，你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)占用左車道的人。即使在這種行為違法的州，你也會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人在變道之前甚至懶得檢查后視鏡。如果我們有一條高速公路，就會有很多人因此而喪命，因為作為一個國家，我們并沒有真正去對人們執(zhí)行嚴格的駕駛標準。
(因為，說實話。如果我們有更嚴格、更苛刻的駕照考試，一大部分美國司機會立即失去駕照。人們會非常生氣）。
One thing the video doesn't mention is that America has a drunk driving issue because there is no public transport outside cities. There are twenty times as many DUI fatalities per capita in the USA than in Germany.
Not something you should combine with a highway that has no speed limit.
USA: 40 DUI fatalities per million capita
Germany: 2 DUI fatalities per million capita
視頻中沒有提到的一點是，美國之所以存在酒駕問題，是因為城市之外沒有公共交通。美國人均酒駕死亡人數(shù)是德國的 20 倍。
這與沒有限速的高速公路是不相稱的。
美國：每百萬人中有40人死于酒后駕駛
德國：每百萬人中有2人死于酒后駕駛
You are forgetting the feeling you get when you have the opportunity to drive as fast as you want!
You don’t do it all the time, but it’s the sense of being allowed to do it. That makes it brilliant
你忘了當你有機會隨心所欲地開快車時的感覺！
你并不是一直都能這樣做，但這是一種被允許這樣做的感覺。這就是它的魅力所在
German freeways, home to the phantom car crash. You come up on a traffic jam, and then you slowly work your way to the end of it and realize that there is nothing, absolutely nothing there to cause a traffic jam. Without fail, every single time I drive in Germany this happens.
德國高速公路是幽靈車禍的發(fā)源地。你會遇到交通堵塞，然后你慢慢地走到盡頭，發(fā)現(xiàn)那里沒有任何東西，絕對沒有任何東西會造成交通堵塞。每次我在德國開車時，這種情況都會發(fā)生。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.equalizerredsea.com 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處
‘Muricans do not have the mentality to follow road rules that would allow an autobahn type road in the US.
I lived in Germany for 4 years and used the autobahn daily.
Only saw 2 accidents that entire time.
美國人沒有遵守道路規(guī)則的心態(tài)，不允許在美國修建高速公路類型的道路。
我在德國住了 4 年，每天都要走高速公路。
整個期間只見過兩起事故。
In Pittsburgh, we actually have an autobahn of sorts called Route 28.
在匹茲堡，我們其實也有一條類似高速公路的道路，叫做 28 號公路。
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German cars perform well, but they strictly follow the rules. They always leave the passing lane empty and use the lane regularly, depending on their speed.
德國汽車性能良好，但他們嚴格遵守規(guī)則。他們總是把超車道留空，并根據(jù)車速有規(guī)律地使用超車道。
Im an American car enthusiast who drove on the german autobahn last summer, i was honestly more scared coming back to California because nobody followed lane etiquette. In germany yes you can speed, but they are very disciplined drivers. Nobody passes on the right and everyone goes the exact speed limit in cities. America feels like a free fall of whos doing what. You have people passing on the right, going slow in the left lane, not signaling, distracted driving, clapped out cars that should not be road legal and frankly just scared timid drivers who should not be driving. I miss germany so much.
我是一名美國汽車愛好者，去年夏天在德國高速公路上開車，說實話，回到加州后我更害怕了，因為沒有人遵守車道禮儀。在德國，你可以超速，但他們的駕駛員非常守規(guī)矩。沒有人在右側(cè)超車，在城市里每個人都嚴格按照限速行駛。美國給人的感覺是自由落體。人們在右側(cè)超車、在左側(cè)車道慢速行駛、不打信號、分心駕駛、不應(yīng)該合法上路的破車，還有那些不應(yīng)該開車的膽小司機。我太想念德國了。
American made cars can’t sustain speeds on the autobahn.
German cars can be put on cruise control for 45 minutes at 120/MPH and feel like it’s 40mph because the cars are so smooth.
美國制造的汽車無法在高速公路上持續(xù)高速行駛。
德國車可以在 120/MPH 的時速下巡航 45 分鐘，感覺就像 40mph 一樣，因為車太平穩(wěn)了。
The last sentence was key sometimes with the right conditions it is nice to drive as fast as you want but most of the time you can't
最后一句話很關(guān)鍵，有時在合適的條件下，想開多快就開多快，但大多數(shù)時候是不行的
America needs a few of these roads no speed limit
美國需要一些這樣沒有限速的道路
A big reason I can think of not to do it is an autobahn style highway in the US would require significantly more road maintenance in order to support higher speeds safely. It would be possible to do if it is a toll road. The big issue in US though is we don't listen to the existing highway rules both for normal drivers and even truckers. Also speed should be determined by size and weight of vehicle. I wouldn't want a full size F 150 travelling 100MPH+
我認為不這樣做的一個重要原因是，在美國修建一條高速公路式的公路需要更多的道路維護，才能安全地支持更高的車速。如果是收費公路，則有可能做到這一點。但在美國，最大的問題是我們不遵守現(xiàn)有的高速公路規(guī)則，無論是對普通司機還是卡車司機。此外，車速應(yīng)由車輛的大小和重量決定。我可不想讓一輛全尺寸的 F 150 以 100MPH 以上的速度行駛。
Americans don’t go through rigorous standards to earn a driver’s license like Germans. If we had an “Autobahn” in the states, we’d have a ton of fatalities here.
美國人不像德國人那樣通過嚴格的標準來獲得駕照。如果我們在美國也有 “高速公路”，我們這里會有成噸的死亡事故。
You only drove on the Autobahn if you matched 300km/h at least one time in the middle of the night.
只有在半夜至少有一次時速達到 300 公里，你才能在高速公路上開車。
I've been living in Germany for almost 10 years, driving the Autobahn is indeed fun, you also need to be more responsible, and you cannot always drive so fast, not only because of traffic jams, speed limited sections or so, but also you need to be very focused as the speed increases, which then becomes exhausting after some time. Also the gas consumption is way higher, most people drive around 140kmph or so to have a sweet spot between good speed, more relaxation, and less consumption. BTW I make videos about Germany, this was a topic I wanted to cover soon
我在德國生活了將近 10 年，在高速公路上開車確實很有趣，但你也需要更加負責(zé)任，你不能總是開得那么快，這不僅是因為堵車、限速路段等原因，而且隨著速度的增加，你需要非常專注，這樣一段時間后就會變得很累。此外，油耗也會更高，大多數(shù)人都開在 140kmph 左右，這樣就能在速度、放松和油耗之間找到一個平衡點。順便說一下，我制作了關(guān)于德國的視頻，這是我想盡快涉及的一個話題。
A. american drivers can't drive
B. american drivers have to have a cell phone in their hand...there. saved you 13 minutes of bs
A. 美國司機不能開車
B. 美國司機必須手持手機......好了。
I was stationed with the Army in what was then West Germany in the mid-1980s. They dumbed the testing requirements down for us GIs compared to what germans had to accomplish. Even with the dumbed-down requirements we had, it was still much more intense than any testing in the United States. German drivers are imminently more qualified drivers than the average American.
20 世紀 80 年代中期，我隨軍駐扎在當時的西德。與德國人必須完成的測試相比，他們對我們大兵的測試要求要低得多。 即使我們的要求有所降低，但仍然比美國的任何測試都要嚴格得多。 德國司機比普通美國司機更合格。
I’ve driven extensively on the German autobahns. First, there are speed limits all over the place. Second, when you get your driver’s license, you sign a statement agreeing to be held responsible for any crashes that happen over normal highway speeds. Last, German drivers are put through an extensive training and licensing procedure and are just plain better drivers than Americans, also, most cars that travel the autobahn at high speeds are supercars. Most cars in America can’t handle or brake well enough to travel safely at high speeds.
我在德國高速公路上開過很多車。 首先，這里到處都有限速。 其次，當你拿到駕照時，你要簽署一份聲明，同意對超過正常高速公路速度發(fā)生的任何車禍負責(zé)。 最后，德國司機都要經(jīng)過嚴格的培訓(xùn)和發(fā)證程序，他們的駕駛技術(shù)比美國人還要好。 美國大多數(shù)汽車的操控和制動性能都不足以在高速上安全行駛。
I have to throw some sticks into the spokes of "fuel consumption" here. I did the test. I was driving the same car twice over 400 miles, there and back again. It was a fine car, an Audi 100 CC (same car as the Audi 5000 Avant). I drove it there speeding at 95 miles per hour (~150 kph), and back at a constant 65 mph (~100 kph). I got 25 mpg there and 40 mpg back. And the total travel time was 6 hrs 10 mins in both directions.
在這里，我必須對 “油耗 ”問題拋磚引玉。我做了測試。我兩次駕駛同一輛車，行駛了 400 英里，往返兩次。這是輛好車，奧迪 100 CC（與奧迪 5000 Avant 是同一款車）。我在那里以每小時 95 英里（約 150 公里/小時）的速度行駛，回來時保持每小時 65 英里（約 100 公里/小時）的速度。我去時的油耗為 25 mpg，回來時為 40 mpg。兩個方向的總行程時間為 6 小時 10 分鐘。
Wish we would focus US infrastructure efforts on passenger rail. Many regional or intercity rail lines in Europe run at speeds well above US Interstate speed limits. Even that would be a game changer for many areas of the US, let alone high speed rail in densely populated corridors.
希望我們能把美國的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)重點放在客運鐵路上。歐洲許多地區(qū)或城際鐵路的運行速度遠遠高于美國州際公路的限速。即便如此，對美國的許多地區(qū)而言，也能改變游戲規(guī)則，更不用說在人口稠密的走廊修建高速鐵路了。
I have visited many countries and drove a vehicle in most of them, I can confidently say that Germans know how to drive, both men and women
我去過很多國家，在大多數(shù)國家都開過車，我可以自信地說，德國人很會開車，無論男女
It would never fly in the US. People don’t pay attention to their driving and are usually doing everything but driving. They also don’t maintain their vehicles properly. Some of the crap I see on the road here shouldn’t be going 55, let alone triple digit speeds.
這在美國是行不通的。人們不注重駕駛，通常除了開車什么都干。他們也不好好保養(yǎng)車輛。我在路上看到的一些垃圾車，車速不應(yīng)該是 55，更不用說三位數(shù)了。
One thing that is not mentioned - driving on the autobahn is very taxing mentally. There are no ads on these highways, but signage that encourages you to stop at the service stations & rest areas for a break.
還有一件事沒有提到--在高速公路上駕駛非常耗費精神。這些高速公路上沒有廣告，但有指示牌鼓勵您在服務(wù)站和休息區(qū)停車休息。
You got the definition of limited access freeway wrong. It means a freeway where access to the road is limited to designed points, typically ramps.
你搞錯了限行高速公路的定義。它指的是只有在設(shè)計點（通常是匝道）才能進入的高速公路。
I'm Spanier living in Germany and many friends come for visit me, the autobahn is a Tourist Attraction, they rent sport cars and we go and visit another city. Once a friend driving at 210Km/h to Berlin and then in the city he got a ticket for driving 35 Km/h at a 30km/h street. Hahaha
我是住在德國的斯潘尼爾人，很多朋友都來拜訪我，高速公路是一個旅游景點，他們租了跑車，我們?nèi)⒂^另一個城市。有一次，一個朋友開車以 210 公里/小時的速度前往柏林，然后在柏林的一條 30 公里/小時的街道上以 35 公里/小時的速度行駛，結(jié)果被開了罰單。哈哈哈
Fun fact, US highways didn’t have speed limits in the 50s and early 60s but the demand for safety regulations, lower fuel consumption, and the oil crisis resulted in the federal government implementing them. Also say if a state did want to eliminate speed limits, it could but it would lose federal highway funding from the government.
有趣的事實是，美國的高速公路在上世紀 50 年代和 60 年代初并沒有限速，但安全法規(guī)的要求、油耗的降低以及石油危機導(dǎo)致聯(lián)邦政府實施了限速。另外，如果一個州想取消限速，它也可以取消，但會失去政府提供的聯(lián)邦公路資金。
Having effective reliable public transit is essential for effective expressways. It provides an option for those who don't really want to drive resulting in a huge reduction in traffic.
擁有有效可靠的公共交通對快速路的有效運行至關(guān)重要。 它為那些不太想開車的人提供了一種選擇，從而大大減少了交通流量。
German here. Yeah, it's nothing special to be honest or something that you "need" for these reasons:
1. Most people only drives around 130 ~ 170 km/h. Even people with fast cars are not rushing with 250 ~ 290km/h the whole time as you might think...why? Because reason number
2. The lanes are for safety reasons on MANY parts limited to 130 km/h or even less. If you drive faster, you risk getting points (penalty system), a hefty penalty fee and a driving ban.
3. There are so many cars and traffic jams on the road that it's practically impossible to drive limitless or over a specific speed. Not everything that comes from Germany must be copied or is an advancement. There are speed limits on highways in almost every country of this world for a good reason
我是德國人。是啊，說實話，這沒什么特別的，也不是什么你 “需要 ”的東西，原因如下：
1. 大多數(shù)人的車速只有 130 至 170 公里/小時。即使是開快車的人，也不會像你想象的那樣，一直以 250 ~ 290km/h 的速度狂奔......為什么？因為第
2. 出于安全考慮，很多地方的車道都限制在 130 km/h 或更低。如果你開得更快，就有可能被扣分（處罰制度）、支付高額罰金和禁駕。
3. 路上車多、堵車，幾乎不可能無限制或超速行駛。并不是所有來自德國的東西都必須照搬或者是先進的。世界上幾乎所有國家的高速公路都有限速，這是有道理的
I have driven in more than 20 countries, and without a doubt, the best place to drive is in Germany, the roads are good, the cars are safe, but what makes all the difference is the respect that drivers in Germany have for each other, this all makes everything extremely safe and makes this country the best to drive in.
我在 20 多個國家開過車，毫無疑問，最適合開車的地方是德國，道路很好，汽車也很安全，但與眾不同的是，德國的司機相互尊重，這一切都讓德國變得非常安全，也讓這個國家成為最適合開車的國家。
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Germany has no speed limits on parts of the autobahn, however, they also have major cities where you crawl along at 30 km/h (18 mph) on express roads where even twice that speed would feel slow. It causes congestion and stress. Radar cameras strictly enforce this insane rule.
德國部分高速公路沒有限速，但在一些大城市的快速路上，您可以以 30 公里/小時（18 英里/小時）的速度爬行，即使是兩倍的速度也會感覺很慢。這造成了擁堵和壓力。雷達攝像頭嚴格執(zhí)行了這一瘋狂的規(guī)定。
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Texas technically does not have absolute limits. Prima facie limits can be argued excessive speed is not unsafe, but contesting such a ticket is difficult. Assuming how lightly the highways in the less populated sections are enforced.
從技術(shù)上講，德克薩斯州沒有絕對限速。 表面上的限制可以說超速并不不安全，但對這樣的罰單提出異議是很困難的。 假設(shè)在人口較少地區(qū)的高速公路上是如何輕率執(zhí)法的。
At one time, in the US there were states that posted "Reasonable & Prudent" or "Reasonable & Proper", with no numerical limits. It was up to the discretion of the state trooper to determine what exceeded that. It depended upon conditions of weather or vehicle and was usually daytime only with a numerical nighttime limit. Generally speaking, on a clear day on a straight stretch of highway in a well-maintained vehicle, 90-95 might be ok, but triple-digits typically caused an issue.
美國有些州曾一度張貼 “合理與謹慎 ”或 “合理與適當 ”的標語，但沒有數(shù)字限制。 至于超出多少，則由州警自行決定。這取決于天氣或車輛的狀況，通常只有白天有夜間的數(shù)字限制。一般來說，在天氣晴朗的日子里，在一段筆直的高速公路上，如果車輛保養(yǎng)良好，90-95 可能沒問題，但三位數(shù)通常會引起問題。
Interstate highway speed limits in rural areas should have speed limits of 70-75 mph. In suburban areas, speed limits should be 60 to 65 miles per hour. In urban areas, the speed limit on Interstate Highways should be 55 mph. Today's vehicles are better engineered and are so better engineered for safety as well. The minimum age to get a learner's permit should be 15 and the minimum age to get a driver's license should be 16.
鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的州際高速公路限速應(yīng)為每小時 70-75 英里。在郊區(qū)，限速應(yīng)為每小時 60 至 65 英里。在城市地區(qū)，州際高速公路的限速應(yīng)為 55 英里/小時。如今的車輛設(shè)計更先進，安全性能也更高。獲得學(xué)習(xí)許可證的最低年齡應(yīng)為 15 歲，獲得駕駛執(zhí)照的最低年齡應(yīng)為 16 歲。